Training can be defined as teaching or developing in oneself or others, any skills and knowledge or fitness that relate to specific useful competencies. Training constitutes a basic concept in human resource development. It is concerned with developing a particular skill to the desired standard by instruction and practice. It is a highly useful tool that can bring an employee into a position where they can do the job correctly and effectively. It is the process of increasing their knowledge and skill for doing a particular job.

NEED FOR TRAINING :

There are several benefits of training your employees. In fact every organisation should provide training to all the employees irrespective of their qualifications and skills. The need for training arises for several reasons-

• Environmental Changes – Computerisation and automation have resulted in many changes in our work environment. The organisation should train the employees to enrich them with the latest technology and knowledge.

• Organisational Complexity – With technological upgradation and diversification,  work structure in most of the organisations have become very complex leading to aggravated problems of co-ordination. To cope up with this, training is very essential.

• Human Relations – Every management needs to maintain good relationship with employees or human resources. This makes training essential because it is one of the basic conditions to deal with human problems.

• To match employee specifications with the organisational needs – There is always a gap between an employee’s current specifications and the organisational requirements. To bridge this gap, training is required.

• Change in the job assignment – Training is necessary when the existing employee is promoted to the higher level or transferred to another department. Training is also needed to equip the old employees with new techniques and technologies.

TYPES OF TRAINING :

There are several types of training programs. Some of them are :-

• Induction Training – Induction training is also  known as orientation training. This is conducted for the new recruits in order to make them familiarise with the internal environment of an organisation. It helps the new employees to understand the procedures, code of conduct and policies existing in that organisation.

• Job Instruction Training( JIT) – JIT is a step-by-step, relatively simple technique used to train employees on the job. It is especially suitable for teaching manual skills or procedures. The trainer is usually an employee’s supervisor but can be a co-worker, too. This is an additional training offered to employees after evaluating their performance.

• Vestibule Training – Vestibule training is a term for near-the-job training as it offers access to something new. Under this method,  employees learn their jobs on the equipment they will be using, but the training is conducted away from the actual work floor. This training is suitable where a large number of persons are to be trained at the same time for same kind of work.

• Refresher Training – This training is imparted to upgrade skills of employees by incorporating the latest developments in a particular field.

These apart, there can be Soft Skills training, Product Knowledge training, Apprenticeship training and others. 

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